發展＆老化
Age
年齡
Age Dataset Lists
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Systems Breakdown
腦 ｜神經系統
生長發展
內分泌系統
呼吸系統
消化系統
肌肉骨骼系統
腦神經系統從出生時開始生長， 2~ 7歲是生長發展的快速成長期，通常在5歲開始，腦神經連結發展迅速
腦神經系統的發展一直到 25~30歲 達到發長成熟
腦與神經系統的發展，影響著人的認知能力，情緒調節能力，生活中與人互動的社交能力，身體的協調能力，身體感受能力........
飲食營養，身體的活動，運動模式，安全正向的環境配置，人際互通模式，學習模式.........，都影響著腦與神經系統的發展
更多詳細資料與健康指引，可進入各年齡資料庫⬇️，或腦與神經系統資料庫➡️
下視丘-垂體-腎上腺軸 (HPA Axis) , 下視丘 (Hypothalamus) 和腦下垂體 (pituitary gland) 的發展 ，影響著內分泌系統的機制與神經傳導素和荷爾蒙回饋的機制和路徑 影響著身體的生長，性發育，人體對環境壓力的反應和調整機制...... ，更重要的是，代謝平衡機制的建構......
腦幹 (Brainstem) ，自主神經系統 (ANS) 的發展，直接影響著呼吸節奏，呼吸模式的建立，呼吸肌，例如橫隔膜的功能反應，控制.....
腸-腦軸線 (Gut - Brain Axis) 是腦與消化系統雙向的互動管道，影響路徑，消化系統擁有腸神經系統 (ENS) ，稱為人的第二大腦 大腦的皮質層 (Cortex) ，邊緣系統 (Limbic System) , 下視丘 (Hupothalamus) ，腦幹 (Brainstem)等的發展，直接影響著消化系統的消化與代謝機制，飲食模式的建立，也影響著重要的荷爾蒙和酵素的分泌，例如血清素......
免疫系統
心血管系統
心腦軸線 (Heart- Brain Axis) ，是腦與心血管系統的雙向溝通，作用的路徑.... 腦皮質，皮質下區域，杏仁核 (Amygdala) ，海馬迴 (Hippoampus)，下視丘 (Hypothalamus)，延腦 (medulla oblongata) ，交感神經 (SNS) ，副交感神經 (PNS)......的發展，影響著心律，血壓的調節機制的建構 腦源性神經營養因子 (BDNF) ，對於心血管系統的發展，建構和維持成年的心血管系統，扮演著重要角色......
神經免疫軸 (Neuro-Immune Axis) 是神經系統與免疫系統雙向溝通與協同作用的管道，路徑，相互影響系統的建構和發展成熟度........ 例如，神經反射的能力也影響著免疫能力...... 腦幹 (Brainstem)，迷走神經 (Vagus Nerve) ，影響，調節發炎反應 (inflammatory responses) ，細胞激素 (cytokine) 的製造.....
肌肉大腦軸線 (Muscle-Brain Axis) , 大腦的下視丘 (Hypothalamus) 為主 與 骨骼肌 (Skeletal Muscle) 的雙向溝通，作用的管道，路徑 影響著身體代謝的調整，代謝控制酶 AMPK，mTOR的調節.....，身體運動的反應，生長激素(GH) , 腎上腺素 , 皮脂醇......等荷爾蒙的調節，粒線體 (Mitochondria)的調節，肌肉的細胞激素 Myokines的分泌....... 額葉 (frontal lobe) , 小腦 (cerebellum) ，丘腦 (Thalamus) 海馬迴 (hippocampus)，somato-cognitive action network (SCAN)......... 影響著骨骼的健康，身體的協調性，認知的形成，記憶與學習的機制，身體的感受性......
參考資料： 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK225562/ 2. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-teen-brain-7-things-to-know#:~:text=Although%20the%20brain%20stops%20growing,the%20last%20parts%20to%20mature. 3. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3055433/#:~:text=NEURAL%20CIRCUIT%20DEVELOPMENT%20IN%20CHILDHOOD%20AND%20ADOLESCENCE&text=Although%20brain%20size%20grows%20only,molecular%20level%20are%20largely%20speculative. 4. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00429-014-0763-3#:~:text=Introduction%20Human%20brain%20development%20is%20a%20multifaceted,of%20brain%20development%20(Pujol%20et%20al.%202006). 5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3621648/ 6. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/lungs/body-controls-breathing 7. https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(16)31887-6/abstract#:~:text=The%20respiratory%20control%20system%2C%20like,the%20extensiveness%20of%20these%20linkages. 8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3652403/#:~:text=The%20respiratory%20rhythm%20generating%20network,in%20other%20rhythm%20generating%20networks. 9. https://www.cell.com/trends/endocrinology-metabolism/fulltext/S1043-2760(23)00167-4 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279994/ 11. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/circresaha.116.308446#:~:text=Abstract,Introduction 12. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6498408/#:~:text=These%20studies%20reveal%20unexpected%2C%20and,other%20growth%20factors%20in%20atherogenesis. 13. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-025-01140-3 14. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627309007508#:~:text=Like%20other%20physiological%20systems%2C%20the%20immune%20system%E2%80%94and,development%20of%20immunity%E2%80%94is%20modulated%20by%20neural%20reflexes.&text=The%20answer%20stems%20from%20studies%20addressing%20the,by%20the%20innate%20immune%20system%20(Tracey%2C%202009). 15. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3484177/#:~:text=Abstract,immune%20function%2C%20mood%20and%20cognition. 16. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006295221002537 17. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8235687/#:~:text=The%20enhanced%20general%20clearance%20mechanisms,exercise%20benefits%20for%20the%20brain. 18. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.897005/full 19.
生長發展的年齡會因為生理性別而有所不同，生長發展的成熟度 (Maturity)，會因為生活環境與生活方式而有所差異
生理性別
腦 ｜神經系統
老化
內分泌系統
呼吸系統
消化系統
肌肉骨骼系統
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更多詳細資料與指引，可進入各年齡資料庫⬇️，或腦與神經系統資料庫➡️
Collapsible text is great for longer section titles and descriptions. It gives people access to all the info they need, while keeping your layout clean. Link your text to anything, or set your text box to expand on click. Write your text here...
Collapsible text is great for longer section titles and descriptions. It gives people access to all the info they need, while keeping your layout clean. Link your text to anything, or set your text box to expand on click. Write your text here...
Collapsible text is great for longer section titles and descriptions. It gives people access to all the info they need, while keeping your layout clean. Link your text to anything, or set your text box to expand on click. Write your text here...
參考資料： 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK225562/ 2. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-teen-brain-7-things-to-know#:~:text=Although%20the%20brain%20stops%20growing,the%20last%20parts%20to%20mature. 3. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3055433/#:~:text=NEURAL%20CIRCUIT%20DEVELOPMENT%20IN%20CHILDHOOD%20AND%20ADOLESCENCE&text=Although%20brain%20size%20grows%20only,molecular%20level%20are%20largely%20speculative. 4. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3621648/ 5.
